Hence Dame Elizabeth's nominal fine imposed on the NHS trust for unlawful trespass

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Hence Dame Elizabeth's nominal fine imposed on the NHS trust for "unlawful trespass."The treatment of Jehovah's witnesses who refuse blood transfusions has frequently faced doctors with this dilemma. In 1994, doctors from the John Radcliffe hospital in Oxford described in the British Medical Journal how a Jehovah's witness seriously injured in a car accident died after refusing a transfusion. The doctors did not have the right to overrule his wishes, even to save his life.In a recent case, the appeal court ruled a pregnant woman was entitled to refuse a Caesarean, even though the likely outcome was the death of the woman and her baby. The woman had been suffering from pre-eclampsia, a condition leading to high blood pressure that threatened her own life and that of her baby.When she refused the offer of a Caesarean, her doctors called in a psychiatrist who had her sectioned under the mental health act and the operation went ahead.

She later sued the hospital for assault and won on appeal.After the case, Dame Elizabeth issued guidelines that the courts would no longer approve surgery without the patient's consent.There can be no criticism of Miss B's doctors for refusing to carry out her request to switch off her ventilator and, therefore, let her die. But they erred when they refused to refer her to someone who would.. Serving prisoners won the right yesterday to take part in radio programmes and speak to newspapers about issues relating to Britain's jails and the inmates held inside them. Hirst, 53, who was given life for manslaughter in 1980 and who is being held at Sudbury prison in Ashbourne, Derbyshire, said he was "chuffed" at the ruling."I have to give the judge credit for having the courage to hold out against the authorities," he said. Lord Woolf, the country's most senior judge, has criticised Britain's "worrying" record on human rights by comparing it to South Africa under apartheid. Lord Woolf said: "What can happen in times of stress is, without appreciating it, the government can get matters wrong.

So, the Human Rights Act is there as a valuable protection to protect the liberty of the citizens generally and, in doing so, the liberty of the individual."Yesterday, he also chose to emphasise the important role played by British judges since the incorporation of the ECHR into domestic law in October 2000. Speaking at the British Academy's conference entitled "the role of Britain in Europe in the 21st Century," he said English judges were now playing an "active and constructive role in enriching and constantly evolving European human rights jurisprudence".But in his article he said: "... it is easy to succumb to suggestion that English contribution to the development of European human rights jurisprudence has been primarily to provide cases which gave the European Court of Human Rights the opportunity to uphold those rights.". The mother of a 12-year-old boy murdered by a Satanist yesterday condemned as "lies" a report that said nothing could have prevented his death. He was arrested three times and charged with gross indecency, but the charge was later dropped through lack of evidence. Crowley was remanded in custody for three months when charged with indecency and harassment, but released on bail after the indecency charge was dropped.

He attacked Diego six weeks later.After reading the report, commissioned by the Metropolitan Police and Camden Council, Ms Fernandez said: "To say there is nobody who can save my son is lies when there are so many agencies, the child protection committee, the police. I think it is disgusting."They were aware that he [Crowley] was talking to him but it was all in the hands of the police. It highlighted lack of communication between social, mental health and child protection services that meant Crowley's case workers did not know he had not been seen by his GP for more than a year and was not taking drugs that stabilised his mental state.It also criticised the police for the way they investigated Crowley after Diego's family reported him for harassing the boy, and the Crown Prosecution Service for being badly prepared for Crowley's court appearance on 20 March 2000, when it was not ready to proceed on the harassment charge. A CPS spokeswoman yesterday accepted that if it had been ready it was possible Crowley would have been remanded in custody for longer. However, she said that lapse could not be blamed for the whole tragedy."Had we been prepared the outcome might have been the same because at some point he was going to be released," she said.The report also recommended that the Government issue new guidance that police child protection teams should always deal with cases when child sexual abuse has been alleged or is suspected.The Metropolitan Police said Crowley had not been a registered sex offender and there was not a significant history of violence in his past..